# Check current database state
alembic current
# Show migration history
alembic history
# Show pending migrations
alembic show head
# Upgrade to specific revision
alembic upgrade +1 # Next revision
alembic upgrade abc123 # Specific revision
# Downgrade
alembic downgrade -1 # Previous revision
alembic downgrade base # Back to beginning
# Generate new migration
alembic revision --autogenerate -m "description"
# Create empty migration
alembic revision -m "description"
# Show SQL for migration (without executing)
alembic upgrade head --sql
# Merge multiple migration heads (if you have branches)
alembic merge -m "merge message" head1 head2